Introduction to Instrumental Variable Analysis
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Instrumental variable analysis.
The main advantage of the randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the random assignment of treatment that prevents selection by prognosis. Nevertheless, only few RCTs can be performed given their high cost and the difficulties in conducting such studies. Therefore, several analytical methods for removing the effects of selection bias in observational studies have been proposed. The first aim of th...
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Instrumental variables (IVs) are used to control for confounding and measurement error in observational studies. They allow for the possibility of making causal inferences with observational data. Like propensity scores, IVs can adjust for both observed and unobserved confounding effects. Other methods of adjusting for confounding effects, which include stratification, matching and multiple reg...
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There are several examples in the medical literature where the associations of treatment effects predicted by observational studies have been refuted by evidence from subsequent large-scale randomised trials. This is because of the fact that non-experimental studies are subject to confounding – and confounding cannot be entirely eliminated even if all known confounders have been measured in the...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Annals of Clinical Epidemiology
سال: 2020
ISSN: 2434-4338
DOI: 10.37737/ace.2.3_69